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What is FreeRDP?
FreeRDP is a free, open-source implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. In practice, it is the client-side software you install on your own machine to connect to a remote Windows desktop or terminal server. Its stated goal is interoperability: letting you use RDP wherever and however you want, rather than being tied to one vendor's client.
What it actually does
RDP is the protocol Windows uses for remote desktop sessions. FreeRDP reimplements that protocol from scratch, so you can open a session to a Windows host from Linux, macOS, Android, or other platforms. It also includes a server-side component, which is why the project describes itself as an implementation rather than just a client.
Who it suits
- Linux and macOS users who need to reach Windows machines and want a native or scriptable client instead of a browser-based gateway.
- Developers and integrators building RDP support into their own applications, since the code is available to reuse and extend.
- Administrators who prefer a command-line-capable client they can automate.
It is less suited to someone who just wants a one-click remote desktop on Windows itself; the built-in Microsoft client is simpler for that.
The security trade-off to weigh
The project's own release notes describe a period of close scrutiny by security researchers, with many advisories filed and the codebase hardened against malicious client or server messages. That is a normal pattern for software that parses untrusted network input. The practical implication: keep FreeRDP updated, because fixes arrive as security releases. Check the advisories linked from the project page before deploying an older build.
Next step
Download the current release from the project's own distribution page, then verify which version you have before connecting to any host you do not control. If you are evaluating clients rather than integrating code, compare FreeRDP against the official Microsoft client and Remmina, which uses FreeRDP as a backend on Linux.
How do I install FreeRDP on Linux?
FreeRDP is a free, Apache-licensed implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), so "installing" it usually means installing an RDP client (most often the xfreerdp command-line client) rather than a single monolithic app. The project distributes source and release files, but on Linux the practical route is your distribution's package manager, which handles dependencies and updates.
Typical install paths
- Debian/Ubuntu-based:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install freerdp2-x11(orfreerdp3-x11on newer releases that ship the 3.x series). This gives you thexfreerdpbinary. - Fedora/RHEL-based:
sudo dnf install freerdp(the package name may include a version, e.g.freerdp3). - Arch-based:
sudo pacman -S freerdp. - From source: clone or download from the project's GitHub and build with CMake, which is useful if you need a newer version or specific build options.
Because package names and available versions differ across distributions, check what your distro offers before assuming a specific version. The project's own site, FreeRDP, links to release downloads and its GitHub repository for source builds.
A quick first connection
Once installed, a basic session looks like:
xfreerdp /v:server.example.com /u:username /cert:tofu
/v is the target host, /u your username, and /cert:tofu tells the client to trust the server certificate on first use — convenient for testing, but for production you should verify certificates rather than blindly trusting them.
Choosing your route
| Situation | Recommended approach |
|---|---|
| Just need a working client quickly | Distro package (apt, dnf, pacman) |
| Need a newer version than your distro ships | Build from source or use a maintained third-party repo |
| Automating or scripting sessions | xfreerdp CLI with flags in a script |
| Prefer a graphical app | Look for a GUI front-end in your distro's repos |
Practical next step
After installing, run xfreerdp /help to see the flags your build supports, since options vary by version. If you need to connect to a Windows host, confirm the server allows RDP and that your account has permission. For a graphical alternative, Remmina is a popular Linux RDP client that can use FreeRDP as a backend, which may suit desktop users who prefer a GUI over the command line.
What are the known security vulnerabilities in FreeRDP?
FreeRDP's own site documents security fixes rather than maintaining a single running vulnerability list. The 3.32.2 release notes describe it as a "regression, bugfix and security release," state that the project has been "under close scrutiny by various security researchers," and say the codebase was hardened "against malicious client and/or server messages." Those notes then link to a long series of GitHub security advisories covering issues fixed in that release. In other words, known vulnerabilities are disclosed as advisories and resolved in versioned releases, so the practical answer to "what are the known vulnerabilities" is: check the advisories attached to the current release, then confirm you are running a build at or above it.
What the advisories tell you
The site's release post links to a batch of GitHub security advisories (identifiers beginning GHSA-4g67, GHSA-799q, GHSA-cg4f, GHSA-rrp5, GHSA-wg7g, GHSA-f53w, and many more) alongside the 3.32.2 announcement. Each advisory is the authoritative record for a specific flaw: affected versions, the fix version, and the severity rating. The site does not summarize exploitability or CVSS scores in the release text, so read the individual advisories for that detail.
Who is affected, and what to do
The exposure depends heavily on how you use FreeRDP:
- Connecting to untrusted or unknown RDP servers — the highest-risk case, because the hardened code specifically targets malicious server messages. A hostile server is the realistic attack path here.
- Running an RDP server or gateway that accepts FreeRDP clients — malicious client messages are the other direction the release notes call out.
- Desktop users connecting only to your own managed hosts — lower practical risk, but still worth patching, since flaws in parsing untrusted input can be triggered by a compromised or spoofed endpoint.
A concrete scenario: an administrator uses FreeRDP-based tooling to reach jump hosts and third-party VDI environments. Because some of those endpoints are outside their control, the relevant action is not "avoid FreeRDP" but "track the advisory feed and upgrade promptly," since the project's pattern is to fix and disclose together.
Decision criteria
| Situation | Reasonable posture |
|---|---|
| You connect to external or untrusted RDP endpoints | Treat every security release as mandatory; upgrade quickly |
| You use FreeRDP only against your own hardened servers | Still patch, but urgency is lower |
| You package or embed FreeRDP in a product | Monitor advisories continuously and pin to fixed versions |
Next step
Open the 3.32.2 release post on the project site, note the highest version referenced there, and compare it with the version you have installed. Then work through the linked advisories for any that name a version range you are running. For ongoing tracking, the project's GitHub security advisories page and its blog are the places where new disclosures appear; the FreeRDP site itself is the entry point for both.
How does FreeRDP compare to Microsoft's Remote Desktop client?
FreeRDP is a free, Apache-licensed implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), not a polished end-user app in the way Microsoft's Remote Desktop client is. The practical difference: Microsoft's client is a first-party product tuned for connecting Windows users to Windows machines, while FreeRDP is a library and client toolkit you can build into your own software, run on platforms Microsoft does not officially cover, and modify.
Where each fits
- Microsoft Remote Desktop client: best when you want a low-friction connection from a supported Windows, macOS, iOS or Android device to a Windows host, with Microsoft handling protocol updates and integration.
- FreeRDP: best when you are writing an RDP client, embedding RDP into another application, or need to run on a platform or in a configuration Microsoft does not target.
Comparison
| Dimension | FreeRDP | Microsoft's client |
|---|---|---|
| Licensing | Apache license, permissive | Proprietary first-party software |
| Form | Library plus clients you can build on | Finished consumer/business app |
| Typical user | Developers, integrators, Linux and cross-platform users | End users connecting to Windows |
| Extensibility | Source available; you can modify and rebrand | Closed; configuration only |
| Protocol edge | Community-driven, can lag or lead depending on release | Maintained by the protocol owner |
The security trade-off
FreeRDP's own release notes describe a 3.32.x update as a regression, bugfix and security release, and state that the project has been under close scrutiny by security researchers and has hardened the code base against malicious client or server messages, with a list of advisories referenced. That is a real signal in both directions: it shows active maintenance and responsiveness, but also that an open, widely deployed RDP implementation is an attractive target. If you deploy it, plan to track releases and patch promptly. Microsoft's client benefits from a single vendor pushing updates through its own channels, which is simpler to manage but gives you less visibility and no ability to fix things yourself.
A concrete decision rule
Choose Microsoft's client if your goal is "connect to my Windows PC or server today" and you are on a supported platform. Choose FreeRDP if your goal is "ship an RDP client," "run RDP where Microsoft does not," or "control and audit the code." A hybrid is common: use FreeRDP's libraries inside a product while users on mainstream devices keep using Microsoft's app.
Next step: identify whether you need an end-user client or an embeddable library. That single question usually settles the choice before you compare features. For project details and releases, see FreeRDP.
Can FreeRDP be used as a server as well as a client?
Yes. FreeRDP is described as a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol released under the Apache license, and its own release notes refer to hardening the code base "against malicious client and/or server messages." That phrasing covers both roles: FreeRDP code can act as the client connecting to a remote Windows or RDP host, and it also includes server-side components used to accept incoming RDP connections.
What that means in practice
- Client use is the common case: you install FreeRDP on Linux, macOS, or another platform and connect out to an existing RDP endpoint. The project's own framing is a "remote desktop protocol client," so client functionality is the primary, best-trodden path.
- Server use exists in the codebase but is a different proposition. You would be building or running a component that speaks RDP as the host, not just as the viewer. Expect to work closer to the source, build configuration, and documentation rather than a one-click install.
A comparison to keep in mind
| Client role | Server role | |
|---|---|---|
| Typical user | Someone connecting to a Windows machine or VM | Developer or integrator building an RDP endpoint |
| Maturity signal | The project's headline purpose | Supported in code, less prominent in the project's own description |
| Main trade-off | Easy path, broad platform support | More setup and testing; you own the exposure |
Practical next step
Decide which side of the connection you are actually building. If you need to view a remote desktop, treat FreeRDP as a client and ignore the server side. If you need something to accept RDP connections, start from the project's source and build instructions, then check the security advisories listed on the release page before exposing anything to an untrusted network — the project explicitly notes it has been under scrutiny by security researchers and has hardened the code in response.
For background on the protocol itself, see Microsoft Learn.
How do I report a bug or contribute to FreeRDP?
Start with the project's own collaboration channels: FreeRDP's site lists a GitHub repository, a wiki, a mailing list, IRC (bridged to Matrix), and a Matrix room, so bug reports and code contributions are handled through GitHub and discussion happens on the mailing list or chat. FreeRDP
Reporting a bug
- Search the existing GitHub issues first, since FreeRDP's release notes show a steady stream of regression, bugfix and security reports already filed and fixed.
- Open a new issue on the GitHub tracker with your FreeRDP version, operating system and build details, the RDP server or client you connected to, and exact steps to reproduce.
- Include logs. FreeRDP supports verbose logging, and a log captured at a high debug level is usually what turns a vague report into a fixable one.
- If the problem is a security vulnerability rather than an ordinary bug, do not file it publicly. The site's release post references GitHub security advisories, which is the private channel for that class of report.
Contributing code
- Fork the repository on GitHub, work on a branch, and open a pull request against the main development branch.
- Match the surrounding code style and keep each pull request focused on one change; reviewers can then judge it on its own merits.
- Expect scrutiny on anything that parses network input. The project's own release notes say the code base has been hardened against malicious client and server messages after findings from security researchers, so changes touching protocol parsing or memory handling will get close attention.
- Sign off or follow whatever contribution terms the repository states, and be ready to revise based on review comments.
Non-code contributions
Documentation edits on the wiki, translations, packaging for your distribution, and answering questions on the mailing list or Matrix room are all useful. Reproducing someone else's bug on a different platform and adding your findings to their issue is often more valuable than a new report.
A practical first step
Pick one open issue labeled as a bug, reproduce it locally, and comment with your environment and logs before writing any code. That single contribution teaches you the build, the test setup and the review expectations, which makes a first pull request far more likely to be merged.
For a quick orientation, the wiki and the mailing list archives are the fastest way to learn how the maintainers prefer reports and patches formatted. FreeRDP
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