chem.libretexts.org
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Categories: Education & Learning
The LibreTexts libraries collectively are a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education.
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Updated: 2026-09-25 18:17
Language: English (default)
Access: Normal
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Outbound visits 1
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Website Overview
An established domain and managed infrastructure suggest continuity of operations and may support dependable delivery, although neither guarantees service quality.
Domain and Registration
Registered in 2016, this domain has about 10 years of history. That suggests continuity, although ownership and purpose may have changed. Transfer-protection status is present, helping reduce the risk of unauthorized domain transfers. The registrar is Squarespace Domains II LLC, a widely used domain service provider. The domain uses the common .org extension, which is not an independent safety signal.
DNS and Email
The lowest TTL is 55 seconds, supporting rapid record changes at the cost of more frequent lookups. Nameservers are provided by Cloudflare, indicating managed DNS hosting. DNS and provider evidence indicate traffic passes through the Amazon CloudFront CDN, which may support caching and traffic distribution. MX records point to the Google Workspace email service. DNSSEC is enabled, allowing validating resolvers to authenticate signed DNS data.
TLS and Certificates
The certificate uses an RSA 2048-bit public key, offering broad client compatibility. The server supplied a complete certificate chain. No organization name is present in the certificate; the available fields are consistent with domain validation. The certificate was issued within the Amazon cloud or CDN ecosystem. The certificate is valid for about 197 days in total, with 182 days remaining.
HTTP and Browser Security
The response lacks these common security headers: Permissions-Policy, clickjacking protection. No X-Powered-By header was found, reducing one common source of backend fingerprinting information. The x-cache, via response header indicates a CDN or caching proxy in the delivery path. No obvious internal addresses or debug information were found in the headers. No CORS permission header was found, so browsers normally restrict cross-origin script access.
Technology Stack Analysis
The public page identifies MindTouch, Google Analytics, Amazon CloudFront without precise versions, leaving fewer clues for version-specific scanning.
Search and Social Sharing
The meta description has 173 characters and may be shortened in search results. The Generator tag identifies MindTouch, making the publishing system easier to fingerprint. Twitter Card metadata is configured. JSON-LD includes Organization data, helping describe the organization as an entity. The title has 27 characters, within a common display range.
Hosting and Email
Cloudflare
Hosting
Amazon CloudFront
Google Workspace
Location
United States
Pages, Search and Sharing
| Meta description | The LibreTexts libraries collectively are a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education. |
|---|---|
| Canonical URL | https://chem.libretexts.org |
| Language | English (default) |
| Twitter Card | summary |
Social Sharing Preview
11 fields
Sharing metadata
| og:url | https://chem.libretexts.org |
|---|---|
| og:type | article |
| og:image | https://chem.libretexts.org/@public/production/site_4334/1641605566-social-share.png |
| og:title | Home |
| og:locale | en_US |
| og:site_name | Chemistry LibreTexts |
| og:description | The LibreTexts libraries collectively are a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education. |
| twitter:card | summary |
| twitter:image | https://chem.libretexts.org/@public/production/site_4334/1641605566-social-share.png |
| twitter:title | Home |
| twitter:description | The LibreTexts libraries collectively are a multi-institutional collaborative venture to develop the next generation of open-access texts to improve postsecondary education. |
robots.txt (opens in a new tab)
17 rulesAll bots 8 allowed · 9 disallowed
All bots
/@api/deki/files//@api/deki/users/authenticate/Special:UserLogin/*title=Special:UserLogin/@app/auth//@app/saml//@public/*favicon.png/@public/*favicon.ico
/Special:*/*title=Special:*/Template:*/*title=Template:*/User:*/*title=User:*/deki//*action=*/@*- Interval
Crawl delay 5 seconds
No matching rules.
Sitemaps
1
Registration details RDAP / WHOIS
| Registrar | Squarespace Domains II LLC |
|---|---|
| Registered | 2016-07-22 |
| Expires | 2027-07-22 |
| Domain status | client delete prohibited、client transfer prohibited |
| Nameservers | celine.ns.cloudflare.com、ridge.ns.cloudflare.com |
| DNSSEC | signed |
DNS records
| Type | Name | Value | TTL | Priority |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 3.162.103.122 | 55 | — |
| A | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 3.162.103.38 | 55 | — |
| A | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 3.162.103.49 | 55 | — |
| A | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 3.162.103.5 | 55 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:1400:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:1600:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:6400:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:6c00:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:7000:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:9a00:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:c800:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| AAAA | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 2600:9000:26c1:fa00:11:2451:2fc0:93a1 | 60 | — |
| MX | libretexts.org | aspmx.l.google.com | 300 | 1 |
| MX | libretexts.org | alt1.aspmx.l.google.com | 300 | 5 |
| MX | libretexts.org | alt2.aspmx.l.google.com | 300 | 5 |
| MX | libretexts.org | alt3.aspmx.l.google.com | 300 | 10 |
| MX | libretexts.org | alt4.aspmx.l.google.com | 300 | 10 |
| NS | libretexts.org | celine.ns.cloudflare.com | 86400 | — |
| NS | libretexts.org | ridge.ns.cloudflare.com | 86400 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | 1password-site-verification=YDXLXEOPD5A4RIQ4DGBXTTLXAU | 300 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | MS=24EEDA32A1B64093067F80942348F46B7C53AB15 | 300 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | atlassian-domain-verification=K5DMrg/KPVIJcji/XYQ5GaWR5qtDtay27IEufDV87yqJmqX4uKhjhgZxNMajMm2w | 300 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | google-site-verification=ej-DagC8sD_MaouJikcyiz-sulM4oKdtg95K_XZJLjc | 300 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | google-site-verification=zIAad45IZShT-a7Q2GnGn7XjbofS1NobaXCuldPdF58 | 300 | — |
| TXT | libretexts.org | v=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:mailgun.org include:spf.mailjet.com ~all | 300 | — |
| CNAME | chem.libretexts.org | d2o0vml6p83nb3.cloudfront.net | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 iodef "mailto:[email protected]" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "amazon.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "comodoca.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "letsencrypt.org" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "sectigo.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issue "ssl.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "amazon.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "amazonaws.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "amazontrust.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "awstrust.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "comodoca.com" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "letsencrypt.org" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes" | 300 | — |
| CAA | libretexts.org | 0 issuewild "ssl.com" | 300 | — |
| DS | libretexts.org | 2371 13 2 2d37862d03ffa3fd641c294583da6bc478f67df32406eb794e80f6f54fe46415 | 3600 | — |
| DMARC | _dmarc.libretexts.org | v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; ruf=mailto:[email protected]; fo=1; rua=mailto:[email protected]; | 300 | — |
TLS and certificates
| Assessment | Normal configuration |
|---|---|
| Supported protocols | TLSv1.2、TLSv1.3 |
| Negotiated protocol | TLSv1.3 |
| Certificate subject | *.libretexts.org |
| Issuer | Amazon |
| Valid until | 2027-03-26T23:59 · Remaining when checked: 182 days |
| Verification details | Certificate trust: Passed · Hostname match: Passed |
HTTP response headers
| Header | Value |
|---|---|
| content-type | text/html; charset=utf-8 |
| content-language | en-US |
| cache-control | no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, max-age=0 |
| strict-transport-security | max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains |
| content-security-policy | upgrade-insecure-requests; default-src https: data: filesystem: blob: mediastream: 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval'; connect-src https: wss: |
| x-content-type-options | nosniff |
| referrer-policy | strict-origin-when-cross-origin |
Identified technologies
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