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What is the Apache Incubator?
The Apache Incubator is the entry point for projects that want to join the Apache Software Foundation (ASF). Incoming projects are called "podlings." The Incubator helps them adopt the Apache style of governance and operation and guides them toward becoming top-level ASF projects (TLPs). It also assigns mentors to each podling; mentors act as liaisons to ASF teams such as the Incubator PMC and Infrastructure.
Its stated responsibilities include welcoming new podlings, guiding community growth according to the Apache Way, reporting monthly to the ASF board, recommending podlings for graduation, retiring podlings when needed, and accepting intellectual property donations.
Who it is for
- Open-source project teams considering donating a codebase or joining the ASF.
- Maintainers who want Apache-style community governance and oversight.
- Mentors and ASF members supporting incoming projects.
How a project starts
- Read the Incubator cookbook to judge whether the ASF is a good fit.
- Review the Incubation Policy for participation rules.
- Submit a proposal for the project to join the Incubator.
A practical next step is to read the cookbook before drafting a proposal, since it frames the fit question and the steps to becoming a podling. The official site is The Apache Incubator.
How do I propose my project to become an Apache podling?
Start by reading the Incubator's cookbook, which is written to help you decide whether the ASF is a good fit and then walks through the steps to become a podling. After that, review the Incubation Policy for the rules of participation, and then submit a proposal for your project to join the Incubator. The proposal is the formal entry point; the cookbook and policy are preparation so your proposal reflects how the ASF expects projects to be governed and grown.
What the Incubator expects of a proposal
The Incubator exists to help incoming projects ("podlings") adopt the Apache style of governance and operation and to guide them toward becoming top-level projects. It delegates mentors to each podling, who act as liaisons to ASF teams such as the Incubator PMC and Infrastructure. Your proposal should therefore speak to community and governance as much as code: who the initial contributors are, how decisions will be made, and how you intend to grow a diverse, self-sustaining community according to the Apache Way.
The Incubator's stated responsibilities also include accepting intellectual property donations and clearing IP, so expect questions about the provenance and licensing of your initial code. The Incubator publishes a separate guide to proposal creation and a podling name search guide; use both before submitting, since naming and IP issues are common reasons proposals stall.
A practical sequence
- Read the cookbook and honestly assess fit — the ASF model suits projects that want neutral, community-led governance, not those seeking a vendor home.
- Check the Incubation Policy and the proposal-creation guide.
- Search podling names to avoid collisions, and confirm you can donate the code with clear IP provenance.
- Draft the proposal with named mentors and a realistic view of your community.
- Submit it, then engage on the Incubator mailing lists during discussion.
For a concrete case: a small team with a working codebase but a single corporate sponsor should recruit mentors and contributors from outside that sponsor before proposing, because a podling that depends on one employer struggles at graduation. If you are instead choosing where to host an open-source project, compare governance models directly — the ASF's mentor-led incubation differs from the foundation-run projects at Eclipse Foundation or the lighter-touch model at Open Source Initiative-aligned communities.
Your next step: open the cookbook and the proposal-creation guide side by side, and draft your proposal against their headings before posting anything to the mailing list.
How does a podling graduate from the Incubator to become a top-level Apache project?
Graduation is a recommendation the Incubator makes to the ASF Board, not an automatic milestone: the podling's mentors and the Incubator PMC assess whether the project has adopted Apache-style governance and built a healthy, self-sustaining community, and the Board then decides on promotion to a top-level project (TLP). The Incubator's own responsibilities list spells out this flow — guiding podlings toward the Apache Way, reporting monthly to the Board, and recommending those ready to graduate.
What the process looks like in practice
- Work against the graduation criteria from day one. The Incubator publishes a Guide to Successful Graduation alongside its Guide to Successful Community Building; treat these as the checklist rather than an afterthought once the code is "done."
- Let mentors do their liaison job. Mentors sit between the podling and ASF teams such as the Incubator PMC and Infrastructure, so problems that would block graduation (release approvals, infrastructure access, IP questions) surface early.
- Keep the monthly reporting honest. The Incubator reports podling progress to the Board each month; a podling whose reports show stalled community growth will not be put forward.
- Settle the legal and release basics. IP clearance, release management and release distribution are all part of the podling guides, and unresolved IP or ad-hoc releases are common reasons a graduation vote slips.
- Vote, then recommend. The podling community and its mentors decide the project is ready, the Incubator PMC votes to recommend graduation, and the Board resolves to establish the TLP.
A concrete scenario
Imagine a small project that joins with three committed developers and a corporate code donation. The work that gets it graduated is rarely more features: it is recruiting a committer or two from outside the founding company, showing decisions are made on the public mailing list rather than in private calls, cutting Apache-licensed releases through the proper release process, and clearing the donated code's provenance. Those are the signals mentors and the Incubator PMC look for when they decide whether to recommend the project to the Board.
Decision criterion
If you are weighing whether to enter the Incubator at all, ask whether your contributors are willing to move decision-making to public, consensus-based project governance. Graduation depends far more on that than on technical maturity; projects that want to keep control centralized tend to stall or retire. For the formal rules, read the Incubation Policy and the graduation guide on The Apache Incubator; for how the Foundation itself is structured, see The Apache Software Foundation.
What does an Apache Incubator mentor do for a podling?
An Apache Incubator mentor is the podling's assigned guide and liaison inside the Apache Software Foundation. According to the Incubator's own description, mentors are delegated to each podling and act as the connection between that project and ASF teams such as the Incubator PMC and the Infrastructure team, helping the podling operate and grow. In practice, that covers two jobs: teaching the podling to govern and develop its community "the Apache Way," and steering it toward the resources it needs to eventually graduate as a top-level project.
What that looks like day to day
- Orientation to Apache governance: explaining how consensus decision-making, mailing-list-based discussion and open development work, so the project's own project management committee can take over these habits.
- Practical navigation: pointing the podling to infrastructure, release, branding and intellectual-property processes rather than leaving newcomers to find them alone.
- Progress reporting: mentors feed into the Incubator's monthly reports to the ASF Board, which tracks how each podling is developing.
- Graduation and, if needed, retirement: mentors help assess readiness for graduation to a top-level project, and the Incubator can also retire podlings that do not progress.
Who this matters for
If you are proposing a new project, expect mentors to be advisors, not managers: the podling's own contributors still do the work and make the decisions, while mentors act as the experienced link to the Foundation. That distinction is the main trade-off—you gain access to people who know Apache's processes, but you remain responsible for building a self-sustaining community. A useful first step is reading the Incubator's cookbook and the Incubation Policy, both linked from The Apache Incubator, before submitting a proposal.
How should a podling adopt the Apache Way of governance and community building?
A podling adopts the Apache Way by treating it as a working governance routine rather than a slogan: open, archived mailing-list discussion; consensus-driven decisions with a documented vote when needed; a project management committee (PMC) that acts as a steward rather than an owner; and merit-based roles earned through visible contribution. The Apache Incubator frames this as its core service—helping incoming podlings "adopt the Apache style of governance and operation"—and assigns mentors to act as liaisons to the Incubator PMC and Infrastructure team The Apache Incubator.
A practical adoption sequence
- Read the cookbook and Incubation Policy first. The Incubator points prospective podlings to the cookbook to judge whether the ASF is a good fit and to learn the steps to becoming a podling, and to the policy for the rules of participation The Apache Incubator.
- Move decisions onto the lists. If a design choice, release, or committer addition was settled in a private chat, restate it on the project list with the reasoning and invite objections. The archive is what makes consensus auditable.
- Build the community deliberately. The Incubator's podling guides include community-building, committer and PMC roles, and release management—use them as a checklist for the first six months rather than reading them at graduation time The Apache Incubator.
- Use mentors as connectors, not deciders. Mentors bridge podlings to ASF teams; the podling's own PMC should be making and recording its decisions.
- Prepare for the monthly board report. The Incubator reports monthly to the ASF Board on podling progress and recommends graduation, so keep a running record of community growth, releases, and resolved issues The Apache Incubator.
Where podlings typically struggle
| Area | Common misstep | Apache Way habit |
|---|---|---|
| Decision-making | Deciding off-list, then announcing | Discuss on-list, then vote if consensus is unclear |
| Roles | Fixed founder-led hierarchy | Merit-based committer/PMC roles tied to contribution |
| Growth | Recruiting users, not contributors | Mentoring newcomers into reviewers and committers |
| Branding | Ad-hoc project naming and publicity | Follow the podling branding and publicity guides |
| Exit | Treating graduation as automatic | Track progress against the graduation guide |
A concrete scenario: a team joining with a strong codebase but three active developers should spend its first quarter converting drive-by issue reporters into patch contributors and documenting how decisions get made—because the Incubator's graduation path hinges on a self-sustaining community, not just working code. For background on the foundation's structure, see The Apache Software Foundation.
When should a podling be retired instead of graduated from the Incubator?
A podling should be retired when it cannot or will not meet the conditions for graduation, most often because its community has stopped growing or has gone inactive. In Apache Incubator terms, retirement is the alternative to recommending a podling to the ASF Board for graduation as a top-level project (TLP); the Incubator's stated responsibilities include both recommending graduation and retiring podlings when needed.
Signals that point toward retirement
- Community stall: the podling cannot build the contributor and committer base needed to operate under the Apache Way, despite mentor guidance.
- Inactivity: development, mailing-list traffic and releases have effectively stopped, so monthly board reporting has little progress to show.
- Governance failure: the podling does not adopt Apache-style decision-making, or its Project Management Committee cannot function.
- Scope or fit problems: the project turns out not to suit the ASF's model, or the proposers lose interest or resources.
- Unresolved blockers: IP clearance, licensing or infrastructure issues remain unresolved after reasonable effort.
Graduation or retirement?
| Situation | Typical outcome |
|---|---|
| Growing community, Apache-style governance in place, releases being made | Recommend graduation to the Board |
| Active code but community or governance not yet mature | Continue incubation with mentor support |
| Stalled community, no progress over time, or fundamental fit problems | Retire the podling |
Retirement is not a judgment on code quality; it is a governance decision about whether the project can sustain itself as an Apache community. A useful next step is to read the Incubator's retirement guide alongside its graduation guide at The Apache Incubator, so the podling's mentors and PMC can weigh concrete criteria rather than waiting for a crisis. As practical advice, decide early which of the two paths the podling is on, and record that reasoning in the monthly board reports so the eventual recommendation is well supported.
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