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Trusted intelligence operating system built on the most comprehensive biomedical knowledge base. Access data on drugs, targets, diseases, trials, and more, powering drug discovery and clinical decision-making.

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Updated: 2026-09-27 18:35 Language: English (default) Access: Normal

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What is DrugBank?

DrugBank is a biomedical knowledge base and data platform focused on drugs and their relationships to targets, diseases, and clinical trials. It is built for professionals who need structured pharmacological data rather than consumer-friendly drug leaflets.

What it covers

  • Drug information, including mechanisms, targets, and interactions
  • Links between drugs, proteins, diseases, and pathways
  • Clinical trial and research data for discovery and decision support
  • A searchable interface plus downloadable or API-style access for teams

Who uses it

  • Researchers and bioinformaticians doing drug discovery or repurposing
  • Clinical and pharmacology teams checking drug–target or interaction data
  • Product and data teams building health or pharma applications

How it differs from consumer drug sites Consumer sites explain a medication to a patient. DrugBank is closer to a reference database: it is broader, more technical, and designed for analysis and integration. If you need plain-language dosage instructions for a family member, a general health site is more appropriate. If you need to query drug–target relationships across many compounds, DrugBank is the better fit.

Access and trade-offs DrugBank offers a free public search layer and paid tiers for fuller commercial or bulk use; check the official DrugBank pricing page for current terms. The main trade-off is depth versus effort: the data is rich but expects domain knowledge, and licensing matters if you plan to redistribute or build on it.

Next step Start with a single known drug and follow its target and disease links. That one query shows whether the depth matches your project before you consider a paid plan.

How can I use DrugBank for drug discovery research?

DrugBank is best used as a structured reference and cross-linking layer in a discovery workflow, not as a single tool that replaces your own analysis. It organizes biomedical knowledge around drugs, targets, diseases and trials, so you can move from a compound to its known targets, then to associated conditions and clinical activity.

Practical ways to use it

  • Target and mechanism triage: Start with a compound or target name, then review linked targets, pathways and known interactions. This is useful for checking whether a proposed mechanism is already documented or whether your compound has likely off-target activity.
  • Repurposing hypotheses: Follow disease-to-drug links to see what has been tested or approved for a related indication. Treat these as starting hypotheses, then verify against primary literature and trial registries.
  • Competitive landscape scans: Look up drugs in a therapeutic area to see mechanism classes, development status and related targets. This helps position a new program rather than duplicate existing work.
  • Data integration for teams: If you build internal pipelines, DrugBank's structured identifiers and relationships can serve as a reference layer for mapping compounds and targets across your own datasets.

Who benefits most

Medicinal chemists and translational researchers get the fastest value from target and mechanism lookups. Computational teams get more from the structured relationships if they can integrate them into internal tools. Clinical and regulatory groups use it more for verification than for open-ended exploration.

Trade-offs to weigh

Coverage and annotation depth vary by area, and curated entries still need checking against primary sources. Access to fuller data typically sits behind a subscription, so confirm what your license includes before designing a workflow around it. For early exploratory reading, freely available resources may be enough.

A useful next step

Pick one compound you already know well, look it up, and trace its target and disease links. Compare what you find against your own knowledge. If the entry adds links you did not already have, that is a good sign DrugBank fits your workflow; if it mostly repeats what you know, you may only need it for occasional verification.

What types of biomedical data does DrugBank provide?

DrugBank provides structured biomedical data centered on drugs and their relationships to other biological entities. Its knowledge base covers drug entries, drug targets, associated diseases, clinical trials, and related biomedical concepts, presented as an intelligence resource for discovery and clinical decision-making.

In practical terms, that means you can look up a drug and trace connections outward: what it targets, what conditions it relates to, and what trials involve it. This is the kind of linked data that supports tasks like target identification, drug repurposing research, and competitive or pipeline analysis. It is not just a flat drug dictionary; the value comes from the connections between entities.

Who uses it and why

  • Pharmaceutical and biotech researchers: exploring targets, mechanisms, and repurposing opportunities.
  • Clinical and medical informatics teams: checking drug-related information for decision support, often through integrations rather than manual browsing.
  • Data scientists and software teams: building applications that need a licensed, curated biomedical dataset.
  • Analysts and consultants: mapping pipelines, disease areas, and trial activity.

A concrete scenario

Suppose you are scoping a repurposing project around a specific protein target. You would start from the target, pull the drugs that interact with it, then cross-reference the diseases and trials linked to those drugs. That chain—target to drug to disease to trial—is the core pattern the platform is built around.

Trade-offs to weigh

The breadth and linkage are the main draw, but access is typically subscription-based, so cost and licensing terms matter for individuals and small teams. If you only need occasional drug lookups, a free reference source may be enough. If you need bulk data, integrations, or relationship-level detail, a commercial knowledge base is the more realistic fit.

Next step

Check the DrugBank pricing page to see which access tier matches your use case—individual browsing, team access, or data licensing for an application. Match the tier to whether you need to read the data or build on it.

Do I need a paid subscription to access DrugBank's data?

Yes, for most practical uses of DrugBank's data you need a paid subscription. DrugBank positions itself as a commercial biopharma intelligence platform, and its own site includes a Pricing page, which signals that access is tiered and licensed rather than fully open. Some drug information is visible to the public, but the datasets and tools that support discovery, target and disease research, and clinical decision-making are generally part of paid or academic arrangements.

What this means in practice

  • Casual lookup: If you only need a basic fact about a common drug, free public resources may be enough. DrugBank's value is in structured, linked data, not one-off answers.
  • Academic or non-commercial research: Universities often qualify for discounted or academic access. Check whether your institution already holds a license before paying individually.
  • Commercial or enterprise work: Expect a subscription or license. Teams using DrugBank data in pipelines, products or clinical workflows need terms that cover commercial use.

How to decide

Start by defining your use case, then check the Pricing page and ask about academic or institutional eligibility. If your needs are light, compare against free options such as PubChem or EMBL-EBI resources before committing to a subscription. If you need integrated drug–target–disease relationships at scale, the paid access is usually the point.

How does DrugBank support clinical decision-making?

DrugBank supports clinical decision-making by supplying structured biomedical reference data that clinicians and health IT teams can look up or integrate into their own workflows. According to its own description, it is built on a biomedical knowledge base covering drugs, targets, diseases and trials, and is positioned as an intelligence platform for drug discovery and clinical decision-making rather than a single-purpose drug lookup page.

DrugBank

Where it fits in practice

  • Point-of-care checking: A pharmacist or prescriber verifying an unfamiliar drug can consult drug records for mechanism, target and related disease context before confirming a therapy choice.
  • Interaction and safety review: Because DrugBank links drugs to targets and associated conditions, it is useful when the question is not just "what is this drug?" but "how does it act, and what else touches the same pathway?"
  • Formulary and pipeline work: Teams comparing available therapies or tracking candidates in development can use the drug, target and trial coverage to assemble a consistent evidence picture.
  • Clinical software integration: Its value for decision support often comes indirectly, when a vendor or hospital data team licenses the content and surfaces it inside electronic health records, order-entry screens or medication modules.

Who gets the most out of it

Audience Typical use Main trade-off
Clinicians and pharmacists Quick reference and mechanism-level context Not a substitute for local protocols or bedside judgement
Clinical informatics and IT teams Embedding drug data into decision-support tools Requires licensing and integration effort
Researchers and industry analysts Target, disease and trial landscape mapping Depth suits specialist questions more than casual browsing
Students and general readers Learning drug mechanisms and relationships The full platform is aimed at professional users

What to weigh

DrugBank is broad and reference-oriented, so it rewards users who arrive with a specific question. For a simple "what dose for this patient" decision, a local formulary or national prescribing resource is usually the faster route; DrugBank earns its place when you need linked drug–target–disease context or want that context delivered programmatically. Access is commercially licensed, so check the pricing page for the tier that matches whether you need individual reference use or data integration.

A practical next step: pick one real decision you face repeatedly — say, screening for overlapping mechanisms in polypharmacy — and test whether DrugBank's linked drug and target records answer it faster than your current sources. If they do, that is the workflow worth building around.

Can I integrate DrugBank's API into my own applications?

Yes. DrugBank is built as a data and intelligence layer that other software can draw on, so integrating it into your own application is the intended use rather than a workaround. The practical question is not whether you can, but which access tier and licence fit your project.

DrugBank is the official source for details on API access and terms.

What integration typically looks like

  • Backend enrichment: your app queries DrugBank records to attach drug, target, disease or trial information to your own entities.
  • Search and lookup: autocomplete or identifier resolution when a user types a drug name.
  • Analytics pipelines: batch pulls feeding internal dashboards, pharmacovigilance checks or research tooling.
  • Clinical or discovery tooling: decision-support features that need structured biomedical relationships.

What decides whether it works for you

Factor Why it matters
Licence tier Commercial vs academic use usually changes cost and permitted redistribution
Redistribution rights Whether you may show or store the data in your own product, or only use it internally
Query volume High-traffic consumer apps need a plan that tolerates sustained load
Data freshness Regulated or clinical contexts usually need current, versioned records
Attribution requirements Some tiers require visible credit to DrugBank

A concrete scenario

A small health-tech team building a medication-interaction checker would query the API server-side, cache results, and display them alongside their own disclaimers. A pharma research group might instead run scheduled bulk exports into an internal warehouse. Same API, very different licensing and architecture conversations.

Next step

Check the official pricing and API documentation at DrugBank before designing your schema. Confirm three things in writing: your permitted use case, whether you can store and re-display the data, and the rate limits for your tier.

If your budget or licence rules out DrugBank, comparable open alternatives include PubChem and ChEMBL, though these differ in scope, curation and update cadence.

Related questions

More questions →
How Do Enterprise Teams Adopt Specialist AI Agents Without Disrupting Existing Workflows?

Enterprise teams can adopt specialist AI agents without disruption by starting with one narrow, high-volume workflow, running it as a bounded pilot with human review, measuring against a baseline, and only then expanding. The key is to treat agents as new team members with defined scopes rather than as a replacement for existing tools or a sweeping platform migration. This article explains what specialist agents are, where they fit across common team functions, and a phased approach you can follow.

What Makes an Agent "Specialist" Rather Than General-Purpose

A general-purpose assistant responds to open-ended prompts across many topics. A specialist agent is scoped to one job: it has a defined goal, a limited set of tools and data sources, and a clear definition of "done."

That scoping matters for enterprise teams for three practical reasons:

  • Predictability. A narrow agent produces more consistent outputs, which makes it easier to review and trust.
  • Permission control. You can grant access only to the systems that specific task needs, rather than broad data access.
  • Measurable value. When an agent owns one workflow, you can compare its output against a manual baseline.

A useful rule of thumb: if you cannot describe the agent's job in one sentence with a clear input and output, it is still too broad to deploy safely.

Mapping Team Functions to Agent Use Cases

Most enterprise teams have a handful of repetitive, rules-plus-judgment tasks that are good first candidates. The table below shows typical starting points.

Team Candidate agent task Why it fits
Sales Research and enrich inbound leads before handoff High volume, structured output, easy to verify
Customer success Draft responses to common account questions Repetitive, benefits from consistency
Marketing Repurpose long-form content into channel variants Clear brief, reviewable drafts
HR Screen and summarize applications against criteria High volume, needs audit trail
Operations Triage and route incoming requests Rule-based with clear routing logic

Notice that none of these replace a person's judgment. They compress the repetitive portion so the human spends time on exceptions and decisions.

A Phased Adoption Approach: Pilot, Measure, Expand

Phase 1: Pick one workflow and define success

Choose a task that is high-volume, low-risk, and currently a bottleneck. Write down:

  • The current process, step by step
  • The baseline metric (time per task, volume per week, error rate)
  • What "good output" looks like, with two or three examples
  • Who reviews the agent's work

Phase 2: Run a bounded pilot

Keep the agent inside the existing workflow rather than beside it. For example, the agent drafts; the human sends. Set a review gate so nothing leaves the team unreviewed. Run for a fixed period, such as four to six weeks, with a small group.

Phase 3: Measure against the baseline

Compare the same metrics you recorded in Phase 1. Look for time saved, consistency gained, and — importantly — where the agent failed. Failures tell you whether the scope was right.

Phase 4: Expand deliberately

Only widen scope after the pilot shows a clear, repeatable gain. Expand in one of two directions: more volume of the same task, or an adjacent task with the same data and review pattern. Avoid expanding into a new function and a new data source at the same time.

Handling Workflow Integration Concerns

Data access

Give each agent the minimum access its task requires. Prefer read access plus a single write action over broad permissions. Document which systems it touches so security and IT can review.

Handoffs

Define exactly where the agent stops and a human begins. A simple handoff rule works well: the agent completes the task and flags anything outside its defined scope for a person. Ambiguous handoffs are the most common source of friction.

Human oversight

Decide the review level up front:

  • Full review for anything customer-facing or high-stakes
  • Spot check for internal, low-risk outputs
  • Exception-only review once the agent has a track record

Start stricter than you think you need, then relax as evidence accumulates.

How Roles and Responsibilities Shift

Adopting agents rarely removes roles; it redistributes effort. Expect these shifts:

  • Reviewers become editors. People spend less time producing first drafts and more time improving and approving them.
  • Process owners become agent owners. Someone needs to maintain the agent's instructions, examples, and scope as the business changes.
  • New quality checks appear. Teams need a lightweight way to catch drift — for example, a weekly sample review.

Be explicit about who owns the agent after launch. An unowned agent degrades quietly.

Practical Criteria for Choosing Where to Start

Score candidate workflows against these questions:

  1. Volume: Does it happen often enough to matter?
  2. Risk: What is the cost of a wrong output, and can a human catch it?
  3. Structure: Is the input and output reasonably consistent?
  4. Baseline: Can you measure the current state today?
  5. Ownership: Is there a person who will own the agent after launch?

A workflow that scores well on all five is a strong first pilot. A high-volume task with no clear owner is a poor start, no matter how repetitive it is.

A Simple Pilot Template

You can copy this structure to scope your first agent:

  • Task: [one sentence]
  • Current baseline: [time/volume/error rate]
  • Agent scope: [what it does, what it does not do]
  • Data access: [systems, read/write]
  • Handoff rule: [when it escalates to a human]
  • Review level: [full / spot / exception]
  • Owner: [name]
  • Pilot length: [weeks]
  • Success metric: [target]

Bottom Line

Disruption comes from adopting too much at once, not from agents themselves. Start with one scoped task, keep humans in the loop, measure against a real baseline, and expand only when the evidence supports it. Platforms built around specialist agents — such as Relevance AI, which offers agents for sales, customer success, marketing, and HR — are designed for exactly this kind of task-by-task rollout, so you can add capability without rebuilding your team's existing processes.

What types of biomedical data can I find on DrugBank?

DrugBank (go.drugbank.com) organizes its content around a single biomedical knowledge base that links drugs, targets, diseases, and trials. If you need to check whether a specific compound, protein target, disease area, or clinical trial is covered, the four categories below are where that information lives. The site is positioned as a "trusted intelligence operating system" for drug discovery and clinical decision-making, so the data is structured for cross-referencing rather than as isolated lists.

Drug data

This is the core of the knowledge base. Drug entries typically connect a compound to its identity, mechanism, and relationships to other biomedical entities. In practice, this means you can look up a drug and follow links outward to what it acts on and what conditions it is associated with, rather than reading a standalone monograph.

Targets

Target information covers the biological molecules drugs act on. Because targets are linked to drug entries, this category is most useful when you want to move in the reverse direction: start from a target and see which drugs are associated with it. This supports questions like "what compounds interact with this protein" rather than only "what does this drug do."

Diseases

Disease data connects conditions to the drugs and targets associated with them. This is the category to check when your question is indication-driven — for example, whether a particular disease area is represented and which drugs or targets map to it.

Clinical trials

Trial data is included alongside the drug, target, and disease content. This matters if you need to connect a compound or condition to trial-level information within the same knowledge base, instead of switching to a separate registry.

How the categories work together

The value of DrugBank is the integration, not any single category. The table below summarizes what each category answers and how it links to the others.

Data type Question it answers Links to
Drugs What is this compound and what is it associated with? Targets, diseases, trials
Targets Which drugs act on this molecule? Drugs, diseases
Diseases Which drugs and targets relate to this condition? Drugs, targets
Trials What trial information connects to this drug or disease? Drugs, diseases

Before you rely on it

Coverage and access terms are not fully specified in the available site information. The site references a pricing page, so some content or features may sit behind a subscription rather than being openly available. If your decision depends on a specific drug, target, disease, or trial being present, verify that entry directly on the site and confirm whether your access level includes it.

What DrugBank Can Be Used For in Drug Discovery and Clinical Decision-Making

DrugBank (go.drugbank.com) is a biomedical intelligence platform built on a knowledge base covering drugs, targets, diseases, and trials. It supports two broad categories of work: drug discovery research and clinical decision-making. Whether it fits your specific use depends on the depth of data you need and whether you require programmatic or enterprise-level access — the site lists a pricing page, so some or all functionality may sit behind a paid plan.

Drug Discovery Applications

DrugBank's stated purpose is to power drug discovery through linked biomedical data. In practice, this means you can use it to:

  • Identify drug–target relationships — look up which proteins or biological targets a given drug interacts with, or work in reverse from a target to find associated drugs.
  • Explore disease associations — connect drugs and targets to the diseases they relate to, useful for hypothesis generation or repurposing research.
  • Cross-reference clinical trials — the knowledge base includes trial data, so you can check what has already been tested for a given compound or indication.
  • Build a structured starting point — rather than assembling drug, target, and disease data from separate sources, DrugBank presents them as a connected dataset.

This makes it most useful in early-stage research: target validation, competitive landscape checks, and building the evidence base before committing to a development path.

Clinical Decision-Making Support

For clinical contexts, DrugBank's value lies in structured drug information that can inform prescribing and safety considerations. The platform describes itself as supporting clinical decision-making alongside discovery. Typical uses include:

  • Checking drug information as part of a broader evidence review
  • Understanding drug–target–disease relationships when evaluating treatment options
  • Referencing trial data relevant to a clinical question

Note that DrugBank is a data and intelligence resource, not a substitute for institutional clinical protocols, local formularies, or professional judgment. Treat it as one input among several.

What Data Types Are Available

The knowledge base is organized around several connected entity types:

Data type What it covers
Drugs Drug records and associated information
Targets Biological targets that drugs act on
Diseases Disease entities linked to drugs and targets
Trials Clinical trial information

The relationships between these entities are the core offering — the platform is positioned as an "intelligence operating system," meaning the connections matter as much as the individual records.

Who It Suits

  • Researchers doing target identification, drug repurposing, or landscape analysis who need linked drug–target–disease data in one place.
  • Clinical teams looking for a structured reference to complement existing decision-support tools.
  • Enterprise and development teams that need to integrate biomedical data into their own workflows or applications — the "operating system" framing suggests API or integration-oriented use cases.

If you only need occasional lookups of basic drug facts, a simpler reference may be sufficient. If you need connected, queryable biomedical data across drugs, targets, diseases, and trials, DrugBank is built for that.

Access and Cost

The site includes a pricing page at go.drugbank.com/pricing/, which indicates that access is tiered and at least some functionality requires a subscription. The available source material does not specify which features are free versus paid, so check the pricing page directly before assuming any level of access.

What Is DrugBank and What Does It Offer?

DrugBank (go.drugbank.com) is a biomedical knowledge base and intelligence platform that organizes data on drugs, targets, diseases, and clinical trials into a single system. It is built for people who need structured, referenceable biomedical data rather than general web search results — most commonly researchers in drug discovery, clinical teams supporting decision-making, and analysts who need to trace relationships between compounds and their biological context. If you only need casual drug information for personal reading, the platform is likely heavier than you need; if you need to connect drug data to targets, diseases, or trials, it is designed for exactly that.

What kind of resource it is

The site describes itself as a "trusted intelligence operating system built on the most comprehensive biomedical knowledge base." That framing matters: it positions itself less as a lookup dictionary and more as an infrastructure layer that other work is built on top of. The data is meant to be queried and cross-referenced, not just read one entry at a time.

What it covers

According to the site's own description, the knowledge base spans:

  • Drugs — compound-level information
  • Targets — the biological molecules drugs act on
  • Diseases — conditions linked to drugs and targets
  • Trials — clinical trial data
  • And more — the description leaves room for additional linked datasets

The value here is the connections. A single drug entry is useful; a drug entry that links to its targets, the diseases those targets relate to, and the trials studying them is what supports discovery and clinical reasoning.

Who it is for

User type Why they would use it
Drug discovery researchers Trace compounds to targets and diseases to prioritize or validate directions
Clinical decision support teams Reference structured drug data as part of a decision workflow
Data and analytics teams Pull biomedical data into their own systems and models
Students or general readers Possible, but the platform is oriented toward professional and research use

Access and pricing

The site includes a Pricing link (go.drugbank.com/pricing/), which indicates that access is tied to a subscription or paid plan rather than being fully open. The available information does not specify exact prices, tiers, or whether any free access exists. If cost or access level matters to your decision, check the pricing page directly before assuming any particular model.

How to decide if it fits

Ask two questions:

  1. Do you need linked biomedical data? If your task involves connecting drugs to targets, diseases, or trials, the platform's structure is the point. If you need a single fact about one drug, a simpler source may be faster.
  2. Can you work within a subscription model? Since pricing is gated behind a dedicated page, confirm the terms match your budget or institutional access before committing.

If both answers point toward "yes," DrugBank is built for the kind of work you are doing.

How to Access DrugBank and Whether There Is a Paid Plan

DrugBank is accessible through its website at go.drugbank.com, and the site does include a Pricing page, which indicates that paid or subscription-based access options exist. The exact tiers, prices, and what each plan includes are not specified in the available site information, so you should check the Pricing page directly to confirm current options. Access may also differ depending on whether you are an individual, an academic user, or a commercial team.

What DrugBank Is

DrugBank describes itself as a trusted intelligence operating system built on a comprehensive biomedical knowledge base. According to its own description, it provides access to data on:

  • Drugs
  • Targets
  • Diseases
  • Trials
  • Related biomedical areas

This positions it as a resource for drug discovery and clinical decision-making rather than a general consumer health site.

How to Access DrugBank

The primary entry point is the website itself:

  1. Go to go.drugbank.com.
  2. Explore the public-facing pages to understand the product scope and data categories.
  3. Locate the Pricing link (listed at https://go.drugbank.com/pricing/) to review available access options.
  4. Determine which access path fits your situation — individual, academic, or commercial — based on what the Pricing page states.

The site does not publish its full plan details in the information available here, so step 3 is the decisive one: the Pricing page is where you confirm what is offered and under what conditions.

Is There a Paid Plan?

Yes — the presence of a dedicated Pricing page and subscription-related signals on the site indicates that paid access options exist. However:

  • Specific prices are not stated in the available information.
  • The exact plan structure (tiers, seat limits, data access levels) is not detailed here.
  • Whether any free tier exists is not confirmed by the available information.

Do not assume the service is free, and do not assume a specific price. Treat the Pricing page as the authoritative source.

Choosing the Right Access Path

Because access may vary by user type, use the following as a decision guide:

Your situation What to check first
Individual researcher Whether a single-user plan is listed on the Pricing page
Academic institution Whether academic or educational access is offered
Commercial or enterprise team Whether enterprise licensing, seat counts, or API access are described
Just exploring What public or preview content is available before committing

If your use case involves integrating DrugBank data into existing workflows or tools, confirm on the Pricing page whether API or bulk data access is part of the plan you are considering — the available information does not specify this.

Practical Next Steps

  1. Visit go.drugbank.com to review the product scope.
  2. Open the Pricing page to see current plans and conditions.
  3. Match the plan to your user type (individual, academic, commercial).
  4. If your needs involve team adoption or system integration, verify those capabilities on the Pricing page before deciding.

The key takeaway: DrugBank offers paid access options, the details live on its Pricing page, and the right choice depends on your user category and intended use.

Website Overview

An established domain and managed infrastructure suggest continuity of operations and may support dependable delivery, although neither guarantees service quality.

Domain and Registration

Registered in 1999, this domain has about 26 years of history. That suggests continuity, although ownership and purpose may have changed. Transfer-protection status is present, helping reduce the risk of unauthorized domain transfers. The registrar is Gandi SAS, a widely used domain service provider. The domain uses the common .com extension, which is not an independent safety signal.

DNS and Email

Nameservers are provided by foundationdns.com, indicating managed DNS hosting. MX records point to the Google Workspace email service. CAA records restrict which certificate authorities are authorized to issue certificates. No CNAME was found; the observed records resolve directly to addresses. SPF and DMARC are configured. DKIM status is unknown.

TLS and Certificates

The public key uses EC with 256 bits. The server supplied a complete certificate chain. No organization name is present in the certificate; the available fields are consistent with domain validation. The certificate was issued within the Google Trust Services cloud or CDN ecosystem. The certificate's total validity is about 90 days, consistent with a short renewal cycle.

HTTP and Browser Security

The response lacks these common security headers: HSTS, CSP, Referrer-Policy, Permissions-Policy, clickjacking protection. No X-Powered-By header was found, reducing one common source of backend fingerprinting information. The cf-ray response header indicates a CDN or caching proxy in the delivery path. No obvious internal addresses or debug information were found in the headers. The Server header identifies cloudflare without an exact version.

Technology Stack Analysis

The public page identifies Cloudflare without precise versions, leaving fewer clues for version-specific scanning.

Search and Social Sharing

Unknown

Hosting and Email

DNSfoundationdns.com
HostingCloudflare
EmailGoogle Workspace
Location Location unknown 172.66.41.6

User reviews (0)

  • No reviews yet.

Pages, Search and Sharing

Meta descriptionNot detected
Canonical URLNot detected
LanguageEnglish (default)
Twitter CardNot detected

Unknown

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Registration details RDAP / WHOIS

RegistrarGandi SAS
Registered1999-11-26
Expires2029-11-26
Domain statusclient transfer prohibited
Nameserversblue.foundationdns.com、blue.foundationdns.net、blue.foundationdns.org
DNSSECunsigned

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TXTdrugbank.comgoogle-site-verification=soqU6L_EL7DwF7Y4f3ztAutkCfoH5nP1FLRUcF-jzlE300—
TXTdrugbank.comopenai-domain-verification=dv-gdZDHoaHfPMSuE54oGLatUYn300—
TXTdrugbank.comslack-domain-verification=Df0wW0DmkAH5ZwlAdMdJZVZKivQ72q0pXftWHSel300—
TXTdrugbank.comv=spf1 include:_spf.google.com include:2224137.spf05.hubspotemail.net include:spf.mandrillapp.com ~all300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "amazon.com"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "comodoca.com"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "letsencrypt.org"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issue "ssl.com"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issuewild "comodoca.com"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issuewild "digicert.com; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issuewild "letsencrypt.org"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issuewild "pki.goog; cansignhttpexchanges=yes"300—
CAAdrugbank.com0 issuewild "ssl.com"300—
DMARC_dmarc.drugbank.comv=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:[email protected],mailto:[email protected]; ruf=mailto:[email protected]; sp=quarantine; pct=100; fo=0:1:d:s;300—

TLS and certificates

AssessmentNormal configuration
Supported protocolsTLSv1.2、TLSv1.3
Negotiated protocolTLSv1.3
Certificate subjectdrugbank.com
IssuerGoogle Trust Services
Valid until2026-12-04T22:17 · Remaining when checked: 68 days
Verification detailsCertificate trust: Passed · Hostname match: Passed

HTTP response headers

HeaderValue
content-typetext/html
cache-controlpublic, max-age=0, must-revalidate
servercloudflare
x-content-type-optionsnosniff

Identified technologies

Cloudflare